England - London and Bath

William the Conquerer began the Tower of London close to the river to stop invaders coming up the Thames in 1075. The Tower was so impressive that the castle still retained the name the Tower of London. His son completed it in 1100 with a Roman wall on two sides. It demonstrated the Norman Dynasty's lordship over the London and surrounding lands. Today it is much larger than it was back then as successive rulers added buildings and restructured older parts.